Charcoal is a dark grey residue that resembles coal and is made up of carbon. It can be obtained by burning or charring wood while depriving it from oxygen and removing water from it. Wood charcoal serves the purpose as a source of fuel in many different applications.  There are different types of charcoal. Classification of types is based on the kind of wood used and also the process of production.

Many people around the world use charcoal for cooking; especially in barbecuing. The reason for this is the fact that the heat that charcoal provides is much hotter and it burns cleaner as compared to wood.

Aside from being a domestic cooking fuel, charcoal can serve other purposes as well. In the developed world charcoal is an almost indispensable industrial commodity, especially in metallurgy and as an adsorbent.

Some applications of charcoal in various industries are as follows:

Chemical industry

– Manufacture of carbon di-sulphide, sodium cyanide and carbides.

Metallurgy

– smelting and sintering iron ores, production of ferro-silicon and pure silicon, case hardening of steel, purification agent in smelting non-ferrous metals, fuel in foundry cupolas, electrodes.

Cement industry

– As a fuel

 

Activated carbon and filter industry

– Water purification, de-chlorination, gas purification, solvent recovery;

– Waste water treatment, cigarette filters.

 

Gas generator

– Producer gas for vehicles and carbonation of soft drinks.

The chemical and activated carbon industries prefer lump charcoal. This is partly due to their process requirements.